Supreme Retinol Serum

A vitamin A derivative that accelerates cell turnover.

The stable ester form of vitamin E that converts to active tocopherol in skin; a common, shelf-stable antioxidant.

A licorice-root-derived salt that calms inflammation and soothes irritated, reactive skin.

A silk-derived protein extract that hydrates and imparts a smooth, conditioned feel.

A hydrolysate of conchiolin, the structural protein from pearl/nacre (Pinctada spp.). Used in luxury Japanese skincare for its moisturising, conditioning, and film-forming properties.

An amino acid found naturally in green tea leaves that calms skin sensitivity and reduces inflammatory responses. Used in d program and other Japanese formulations targeting reactive or allergy-prone skin.

A gold-standard humectant that draws water into the skin.

A mid-chain polyethylene glycol used as a humectant and solvent in skincare. PEG-30 is water-soluble and helps retain moisture while improving product texture.

A sugar-based humectant that holds water and helps skin resist dehydration stress.

A synthetic phenolic antioxidant that prevents oxidation of oils and fats in cosmetic formulas, used at very low concentrations.

An AHA most often used in small amounts to adjust pH.

A non-proteinogenic amino acid and key component of collagen used in cosmetics as a humectant; its presence in the NMF supports hydration and signals collagen stabilization.

An acetylated form of sodium hyaluronate with enhanced surface-binding properties that provides long-lasting, film-forming hydration.

Extract from peppermint leaves. Contains polyphenols, rosmarinic acid, and flavonoids. Different from peppermint essential oil — extract is more water-soluble and gentler. Provides mild cooling and antioxidant benefits.

Extract from carrot root, rich in carotenoids (beta-carotene), vitamins, and antioxidants. Used for its antioxidant properties and contribution to a healthy skin tone.

An extract from the fruit (hips) of the dog rose rich in vitamin C, carotenoids and polyphenols, used for antioxidant and brightening benefits.

An extract from cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) blooms, rich in anthocyanins, apigenin, and quercetin. Used in cosmetics for gentle soothing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Common in eye-area and sensitive skin products.

An extract from olive (Olea europaea) leaves, rich in oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and flavonoids. Provides potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mild antimicrobial benefits in skincare.

An extract from the root of Sanguisorba officinalis (great burnet), rich in ellagitannins, gallic acid, and flavonoids. Provides antioxidant, soothing, and astringent benefits in luxury creams.

An extract from hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) flowers rich in flavonoids and polyphenols, used in cosmetics for antioxidant and soothing properties.

An extract from the buds of Fagus sylvatica (European beech tree). Rich in polyphenols and tannins; marketed for activating skin stem cells and providing antioxidant, skin-conditioning benefits in prestige skincare.

A polyphenol-rich antioxidant that also calms skin.

Extract from Coffea arabica (coffee) seeds. Rich in chlorogenic acids, caffeine, and polyphenols. Provides antioxidant protection and mild brightening effect. Used in serums and anti-aging products.

The salt form of hyaluronic acid; penetrates more readily.

A naturally occurring cyclohexane polyol (commonly myo-inositol) found in cell membranes, used in cosmetics as a humectant and skin-conditioning agent.

An extract from the root of Potentilla erecta (tormentil), rich in ellagitannins, catechins, and flavonoids. Provides antioxidant, soothing, and astringent benefits for sensitive skin care.

Extract from St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum). Contains hypericin, hyperforin, flavonoids, and tannins with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and soothing properties. Used in European cosmetics for skin calming.

Extract from the root of Ononis spinosa (spiny restharrow), a plant used in traditional European herbal medicine. Contains isoflavonoids and other phytochemicals with tyrosinase-inhibiting and antioxidant properties. Used in brightening skincare.

Extract from Zingiber purpureum (Cassumunar ginger), a member of the ginger family native to Southeast Asia. Contains terpinen-4-ol and other monoterpenes with significant anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. Used in luxury formulations.

Job's Tears (hatomugi) seed extract, a staple J-beauty botanical valued for calming, hydrating and mild brightening effects on dull or rough skin.

Extract from Psychotria leiocarpa, a plant native to the Amazon. Contains high levels of piceid, a natural precursor and glycoside of resveratrol. Used in luxury skincare (notably Clé de Peau Beauté) for its antioxidant and skin-brightening benefits.

A carotenoid pigment found in carrots, algae, and other plants. Functions as an antioxidant and as provitamin A (converts to retinol in the body). In skincare, also used as a colorant and antioxidant booster.