The library

Ingredient library

Every ingredient SkinAtlas knows about — all 2402 of them. What each one does, what it works well with, and what to watch for.

All 2402 ingredients — page 89 of 101

Surfactant
Sodium Stearoyl Glutamate

A mild, amino-acid-derived nonionic emulsifier (the sodium salt of the stearoyl ester of glutamic acid) used to form stable oil-in-water emulsions in creams and sunscreens.

emulsifier
Gentle, amino-acid-derived emulsificationCreates stable, skin-friendly emulsions
Surfactant
Sodium Stearoyl Lactylate

The sodium salt of stearoyl lactic acid, used as an emulsifier and skin-conditioning agent that stabilizes cosmetic emulsions and imparts a soft, conditioned feel.

emulsifyingskin-conditioningfoaming
Stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions and prevents phase separationMild skin conditioning; leaves skin softBoosts foam in cleansing products
Surfactant
Sodium Stearoyl Methyl Taurate
SODIUM STEAROYL METHYL TAURATE

An N-methyl taurine-based anionic surfactant derived from stearic acid, used as a gentle emulsifier and cleansing agent in Japanese formulations.

surfactantemulsifier
Mild anionic surfactant suitable for sensitive skinHelps emulsify and stabilize formulas
+ Xanthan Gum+ Carbomer
Other
Sodium Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer

A synthetic anionic copolymer of styrene and acrylates used as a film former, opacifier, and viscosity controller in cosmetic formulations including sunscreens and toners.

film-formingopacifyingviscosity-controlling
Forms durable films for water-resistant sun care and cosmetic formulasProvides opacity and texture control
Synthetic polymer; high molecular weight limits skin penetrationCIR Expert Panel assessed as safe as used in cosmetics
Other
Sodium Sulfate

An inorganic sodium salt of sulfuric acid used as a viscosity-controlling agent and processing aid in cosmetic formulations.

viscosity-controllingprocessing-aid
Contributes to viscosity and formula texture
High concentrations may cause skin dryness
Preservative
Sodium Sulfite
SODIUM SULFITE

An inorganic sulfite salt used as an antioxidant preservative in cosmetics, preventing discolouration and oxidative breakdown of other formula components.

antioxidantreducing-agent
Prevents oxidative degradation of formula ingredientsExtends shelf life by scavenging oxygen
Sulfite sensitivity exists in a small population — may cause contact reactions in sensitive individuals
Surfactant
Sodium Surfactin

The sodium salt of surfactin, a cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis fermentation, used in cosmetics for gentle cleansing, emulsifying, and foam generation.

surfactantcleansingemulsifyingfoaming
Naturally derived biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis fermentationGentle cleansing with good foaming and emulsifying propertiesSuitable for sensitive skin cleansers
Surfactant
Sodium Sweetalmondamphoacetate

An amphoteric surfactant derived from sweet almond oil fatty acids (prunus amygdalus dulcis). It belongs to the amphoacetate family of mild cleansers, offering good foam, low irritancy, and a conditioning after-feel. Used in gentle facial cleansers, shampoos, and body washes.

amphoteric surfactantcleansing agentconditioning agentfoam booster
Mild amphoteric surfactant with low irritation potentialLeaves hair and skin feeling conditioned after rinsingCompatible with anionic, cationic, and nonionic surfactants
Antioxidant
Sodium Tocopheryl Phosphate
SODIUM TOCOPHERYL PHOSPHATE

The sodium salt of tocopheryl phosphate — a water-soluble vitamin E ester. Highly stable and penetrates the skin well, converting to active tocopherol intracellularly. Used in Naturie's Hatomugi gel as a water-soluble antioxidant.

antioxidantskin-conditioning
Water-soluble, stable vitamin E formAntioxidant protectionGood skin penetration
+ Tocopherol+ Niacinamide
Other
Sodium Trehalose Octenylsuccinate
SODIUM TREHALOSE OCTENYLSUCCINATE

A modified trehalose (a disaccharide) esterified with octenylsuccinic acid and neutralized with sodium. Functions as an emulsifier and film-forming humectant. Used in Rosette's cleansing paste.

emulsifierfilm-formerhumectant
Modified trehalose humectantFilm-forming and moisture retaining
+ Trehalose+ Glycerin
Other
Sodium Trimetaphosphate

A cyclic triphosphate salt (the trisodium salt of trimetaphosphoric acid), distinct from the simpler Sodium Metaphosphate. Functions primarily as a metal-ion chelator in cosmetic formulas, protecting actives and emulsion stability by sequestering trace metal ions that would otherwise catalyze oxidation. Used alongside Sodium Metaphosphate in some K-beauty hydration actives.

chelatingtexture-enhancing
Chelates metal ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe²⁺) that can catalyze oxidative degradation of active ingredientsHelps stabilize sensitive actives like vitamin C and retinoids by removing pro-oxidant metal ions from the formulaUsed in cross-linking hyaluronic acid in certain cosmetic applications
+ Hyaluronic Acid+ Sodium Hyaluronate
Antioxidant
Solanum Lycopersicum (Tomato) Fruit Extract
Solanum Lycopersicum Fruit Extract

An extract from the fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) rich in lycopene, carotenoids, and vitamins, used in cosmetics for its antioxidant, soothing, and skin-brightening properties.

antioxidantsoothingskin-conditioning
Rich in lycopene and carotenoids providing antioxidant protection against free radicalsAnti-inflammatory and soothing on irritated skinBrightening and firming support
Humectant
Soluble Collagen

A water-soluble form of collagen that hydrates and forms a smoothing film on the skin's surface.

humectantfilm-former
Surface hydrationSmoothing, plumped feel
A topical moisturizing agent — does not replace or rebuild the skin's own collagen
Soothing
Sophora Angustifolia Root Extract
SOPHORA ANGUSTIFOLIA ROOT EXTRACT

Extract from the root of Sophora angustifolia (narrow-leaved sophora or Ku Shen), used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Contains matrine and oxymatrine alkaloids with potent anti-inflammatory and soothing effects, used in sensitive skin formulas.

soothinganti-inflammatoryantioxidant
Strong anti-inflammatory propertiesSoothes sensitive and irritated skinMatrine and oxymatrine alkaloids
+ Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate+ Allantoin
Active
Sophora Flavescens Root Extract
SOPHORA FLAVESCENS ROOT EXTRACT

Extract from the root of Sophora flavescens (kushen), a plant used in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine. Contains matrine, oxymatrine, and flavonoids with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties. Used in Elixir Retino Power Cream.

anti-agingantioxidantsoothing
Contains matrine and oxymatrine — anti-inflammatoryAntioxidant-richAnti-aging in traditional East Asian medicine
+ Retinol+ Niacinamide
Antioxidant
Sophora Japonica Bud Extract

An extract from the flower buds of Sophora japonica (Japanese pagoda tree), one of the richest natural sources of rutin (quercetin glycoside), providing potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits; distinct from root extract in phytochemical concentration.

antioxidantanti-inflammatoryskin-conditioning
Exceptionally high rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside) content for potent antioxidant protectionQuercetin and kaempferol flavonoids support anti-inflammatory activityHelps protect skin against UV-induced oxidative damage
Antioxidant
Sophora Japonica Root Extract
SOPHORA JAPONICA ROOT EXTRACT

Extract from the root of Sophora japonica (Japanese pagoda tree). Rich in rutin and other flavonoids with antioxidant and soothing properties. Distinct from Sophora angustifolia (Ku Shen) in phytochemical profile.

antioxidantsoothing
High rutin (quercetin glycoside) content for antioxidant supportMild anti-inflammatory effect
+ Tocopherol+ Ascorbic Acid
Other
Sorbeth-230 Tetraoleate

A polyethoxylated sorbitan tetraoleate (230 EO units) used as a mild nonionic emulsifier and solubilizer in cosmetic formulas.

emulsifiersolubilizerskin-conditioning
High-ethylene-oxide nonionic emulsifier providing gentle cleansing and stable oil-in-water emulsificationLow-irritation profile; used in sensitive-skin cleansers (e.g. Youth to the People Superfood Cleanser)
Emollient
Sorbeth-30 Tetraisostearate

A polyethylene glycol ether of sorbitol (30 EO units) esterified with isostearic acid. Functions as an O/W emulsifier and co-emulsifier in lightweight cosmetic formulas including mists, milky toners, and cream-mists. The isostearate portion contributes emolliency; the ethoxylated sorbitol backbone provides the hydrophilic character needed for stable emulsification.

emollientemulsifyingskin-conditioning
Helps stabilize oil-in-water emulsions in lightweight mist and lotion formulasContributes a non-greasy emollient skin feel from the isostearate ester componentCompatible with spray-format products — does not create heavy or occlusive texture
+ Ceramide NP+ Hydrogenated Lecithin+ Glycerin
Surfactant
Sorbeth-30 Tetraoleate

A hydrophilic nonionic surfactant derived from sorbitol polyethoxylate and oleic acid, used as an emulsifier and solubilizer — especially effective in cleansing oils for rinsability.

emulsifiersolubilizer
Excellent emulsifying ability for cleansing oil formulasHelps rinse makeup and sunscreen off with water
Other
Sorbeth-60 Tetraoleate
SORBETH-60 TETRAOLEATE

A sorbitol ether esterified with oleic acid. Used as a gentle emulsifier in Matsuyama's M-mark amino acid emulsion.

emulsifiersurfactant
Gentle emulsifierGood skin compatibility
+ Glyceryl Stearate+ Cetearyl Alcohol
Preservative
Sorbic Acid

A straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acid used as a cosmetic preservative at up to 1% concentration to prevent microbial contamination and extend product shelf life.

preservative
Broad-spectrum preservative effective against mold, yeast, and bacteriaWell-studied safety profile; CIR Expert Panel assessed as safe up to 1% in cosmetics
Rare non-immunological contact urticaria and pseudo-allergic reactions reported in humansEWG score of 3 out of 10 (moderate concern)
Emollient
Sorbitan Distearate
SORBITAN DISTEARATE

A sorbitan ester formed from sorbitol and two moles of stearic acid. Used as a co-emulsifier in sunscreen and moisturiser formulas, slightly more lipophilic than Sorbitan Stearate.

emulsifierskin-conditioning
Stable co-emulsifier for sunscreen and cream formulasProvides a smooth, rich skin feel
+ Cetyl Alcohol+ Glyceryl Stearate
Surfactant
Sorbitan Isostearate

A sorbitan ester of isostearic acid used as a water-in-oil emulsifier, commonly found in sunscreens and rich emollient creams.

emulsifier
Water-in-oil emulsifierHelps stabilize sunscreen and rich cream formulas