The library

Ingredient library

Every ingredient SkinAtlas knows about — all 2255 of them. What each one does, what it works well with, and what to watch for.

All 2255 ingredients — page 25 of 94

Soothing
Cynanchum Atratum Extract

An aqueous extract from the root of Cynanchum atratum (Bai Wei), a TCM plant, clinically shown to improve skin barrier function and reduce itch in subjects with barrier dysfunction, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity.

Anti-inflammatorySkin barrier-supportingSoothingAntipruritic
Strengthens skin barrier by regulating keratinocyte differentiation factorsReduces pruritus (itch) and soothes irritated, sensitive, and atopic skinAnti-inflammatory: attenuates IgE-mediated inflammatory responses in atopic dermatitis models
No serious adverse reactions identified at cosmetic concentrations in clinical studyAs a TCM-origin botanical, individuals with plant allergies (Asclepiadaceae family) should patch-test
Antioxidant
Cynara Scolymus Leaf Extract
Cynara Scolymus (Artichoke) Leaf Extract

An extract from artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaves rich in polyphenolic acids and flavonoids, used for antioxidant protection, brightening, and soothing benefits.

antioxidantbrighteningsoothing
Antioxidant protection via polyphenols (caffeoylquinic acids, flavonoids)Brightening and anti-spot supportSoothes redness and helps regulate sebum
Soothing
Cypripedium Pubescens Extract
Cypripedium Pubescens (Lady's Slipper Orchid) Extract

An aqueous extract from the North American yellow lady's slipper orchid (Cypripedium pubescens) used in soothing and anti-stress skincare formulations.

soothingcalming
Calms and soothes sensitive, stressed skinTraditionally used for its calming and anti-stress propertiesAqueous extract is free from declarable fragrance allergens — suitable for sensitive formulations
Humectant
Cysteine

A sulfur-containing amino acid that acts as a humectant and antioxidant in cosmetics, contributing to skin hydration and supporting the skin's own defense mechanisms.

humectantamino-acidantioxidant
Attracts and retains moistureSupports the skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF)Antioxidant via thiol group
Other
Cystine

The oxidized dimer of cysteine formed by a disulfide bond between two cysteine molecules; used in cosmetics as a conditioning amino acid with roles in keratin integrity and as a precursor to antioxidant glutathione — distinct from cysteine (the monomer free thiol form).

Skin conditioningAmino acidAntioxidant precursor
Supports keratin and hair protein structure via disulfide bondsPrecursor to glutathione antioxidant systemConditions skin
Antioxidant
Cystoseira Tamariscifolia Extract
CYSTOSEIRA TAMARISCIFOLIA EXTRACT

Extract from Cystoseira tamariscifolia, a brown marine algae (rainbow wrack). Contains polyphenolic phlorotannins and sulfated polysaccharides with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-conditioning properties.

antioxidantskin-conditioning
Rich in phlorotannins and fucoidans with antioxidant activitySoothing marine bioactives
+ Tocopherol+ Sodium Hyaluronate
Antioxidant
D-Delta-Tocopherol
D-DELTA-TOCOPHEROL

The delta isomer of natural vitamin E (d-form). Has the lowest vitamin E activity of the four tocopherol isomers but strong antioxidant potency; used in formulas for its stabilizing and skin-conditioning effects.

antioxidant
Antioxidant vitamin E isomerProtects formula stabilitySkin-conditioning
+ Tocopherol+ Ascorbic Acid
Preservative
DMDM Hydantoin

A formaldehyde-releasing preservative that slowly releases trace formaldehyde to provide broad-spectrum antimicrobial protection in cosmetic formulations.

preservativeantimicrobial
Broad-spectrum antimicrobial preservation against bacteria, yeast, and mold
Formaldehyde-releasing preservative; releases small amounts of formaldehyde over time as its active mechanismMay cause contact dermatitis or sensitization in individuals with formaldehyde allergy
Humectant
DNA

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in cosmetics refers to isolated and purified DNA — often from salmon milt (salmon sperm) as a sustainable byproduct — used as a humectant and skin-conditioning active. The phosphate backbone of DNA binds water strongly, delivering surface hydration and a moisturizing film. Low-molecular-weight depolymerized fractions may have skin conditioning benefits. Distinct from medical-grade PDRN (polydeoxyribonucleotide), which is a specific fraction with tissue-regeneration activity administered by injection.

humectantskin-conditioningfilm-forming
High molecular weight DNA acts as a hydrating film-former on the skin surface, binding water through its phosphate backbone and providing an immediate moisturizing effectLow molecular weight/hydrolyzed DNA fractions are absorbed more readily and may participate in cellular recognition processes supporting skin renewalUsed in premium Korean and European skincare as an intensive hydrating and skin-conditioning active; distinct from medical-grade PDRN (polydeoxyribonucleotide) used in aesthetic injections
Typically sourced from salmon milt (salmon sperm) — not vegan; individuals with fish allergy should exercise cautionShould not be confused with PDRN (polydeoxyribonucleotide) treatments used in aesthetic medicine — topical cosmetic DNA does not penetrate to the cellular level to function as PDRN does
+ Sodium Hyaluronate+ Glycerin+ Adenosine
Active
DNA-Na
SODIUM DNA

The sodium salt of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), typically sourced from salmon milt (sperm). Highly hydrophilic — attracts and retains moisture. Also promotes skin cell repair mechanisms. Used in Lululun's Hydra PD mask.

skin-conditioninghumectantantioxidant
Excellent moisture retention — highly hydrophilicPromotes skin barrier repairAntioxidant and anti-inflammatory
+ Hyaluronic Acid+ Niacinamide
Antioxidant
Daucus Carota Sativa (Carrot) Extract
DAUCUS CAROTA SATIVA ROOT EXTRACT

Extract from carrot root, rich in carotenoids (beta-carotene), vitamins, and antioxidants. Used for its antioxidant properties and contribution to a healthy skin tone.

antioxidantskin-conditioning
Rich in beta-carotene and antioxidantsSupports skin tone and radiance
+ Tocopherol+ Niacinamide
Antioxidant
Daucus Carota Sativa (Carrot) Root Extract
Daucus Carota Sativa Root Extract

An extract from carrot (Daucus carota sativa) root rich in beta-carotene and other carotenoids, used in cosmetics for antioxidant and skin-brightening benefits.

antioxidantbrightening
Rich in beta-carotene and antioxidant compoundsSupports a brighter, more even skin toneHelps defend against environmental free-radical damage
High beta-carotene content can impart a temporary orange tint to formulas or skin at high concentrations
Antioxidant
Daucus Carota Sativa Black Carrot Juice

The pressed juice of black (anthocyanin-rich) carrot varieties, used as a natural antioxidant colorant and skin-conditioning ingredient distinct from orange carrot root extract.

antioxidantcolorant
Rich in anthocyanins — potent antioxidants that protect skin against free-radical damageContributes a natural purple-pink pigment to formulasHydrating and conditioning
Deep pigment may temporarily tint skin or formula
Emollient
Daucus Carota Sativa Seed Oil
Daucus Carota Sativa (Carrot) Seed Oil

A seed oil cold-pressed or steam-extracted from carrot seeds, rich in carotenoids and tocopherols, used as an antioxidant-rich emollient in facial oils and serums.

emollientantioxidant
Rich in carotenoids and vitamin E for antioxidant protectionSoftens and conditions skinDistinct from carrot root extract — steam-distilled or cold-pressed from seeds
High concentration may cause a temporary yellow tint to formulas
Emollient
Decamethyltetrasiloxane
DECAMETHYLTETRASILOXANE

A linear volatile silicone (L4) used as a lightweight carrier and emollient in serums and primers. Evaporates after application, leaving a smooth skin feel.

emollientskin-conditioningcarrier
Lightweight carrier that evaporates cleanlyImparts silky skin feel without residue
Linear silicone; environmental persistence concerns — avoid high concentrations in rinse-off products
+ Dimethicone
Emollient
Decyl Cocoate

An ester created from decyl alcohol and coconut-derived fatty acids (Cocos nucifera) that functions as an emollient with a smooth, silky feel.

emollientskin conditioning
Imparts silky, smooth texture to formulationsEnhances spreadability and absorptionProvides conditioning properties for skin
Surfactant
Decyl Glucoside

A gentle non-ionic alkyl glucoside surfactant derived from glucose and fatty alcohols, widely used in mild cleansers and baby products for its low irritation profile.

surfactantemulsifier
Mild, plant-derived cleansing suitable for sensitive skinGood foam qualityBiodegradable and well tolerated
Emollient
Decyl Oleate

An ester of decyl alcohol and oleic acid that functions as an emollient, skin conditioner, and solvent in cosmetic formulations.

emollientskin conditioningsolvent
Provides emollient properties that soften and smooth skinEnhances product spreadabilityActs as a solvent for other ingredients
Preservative
Decylene Glycol

A 10-carbon 1,2-diol with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, often combined with caprylyl glycol or phenoxyethanol in paraben-free preservation. Provides mild skin-conditioning benefits.

preservativehumectantskin-conditioning
Multifunctional mild antimicrobial diol used in paraben-free preservation systemsAlso functions as a mild humectant and skin conditioner at low levels
Can cause mild irritation at higher concentrations (>5%); used at low preservative levels in formulas
+ Caprylyl Glycol+ Phenoxyethanol
Preservative
Dehydroacetic Acid

A naturally derived cyclic lactone preservative approved for both conventional and Ecocert/COSMOS-certified natural cosmetics, effective against bacteria and fungi.

preservative
Effective against bacteria and fungi at low concentrations (≤0.6%)Approved by Ecocert/COSMOS for natural/organic formulations
CIR assessed as safe; non-irritating and non-sensitizing in clinical testsOften paired with benzyl alcohol for broader spectrum coverage
Other
Dehydroxanthan Gum

A modified form of xanthan gum where the side-chain carboxyl groups have been partially dehydrated, altering its electrolyte tolerance and rheological behavior. While standard xanthan gum can thin out in high-ionic-strength formulations (with electrolytes like salts, acids, or certain actives), dehydroxanthan gum maintains viscosity across a broader range of ionic conditions. Provides a cleaner, more elegant texture than conventional gums in lightweight K-beauty formulas.

viscosity-controllingfilm-formingstabilizing
Modified xanthan gum that performs well in high-salt/electrolyte formulations where standard xanthan gum loses viscosityCreates a lightweight, non-sticky gel texture preferred in serums and essence formulasImproves formula elegance — less stringy and more water-like feel than standard xanthan gum at equivalent viscosity
+ Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer+ Carbomer
Soothing
Delesseria Sanguinea Extract
DELESSERIA SANGUINEA EXTRACT

Extract from Delesseria sanguinea, a red marine algae. Rich in sulfated polysaccharides, phycoerythrin pigments, and other bioactives with soothing, antioxidant, and film-forming properties.

soothingantioxidantskin-conditioning
Soothing anti-inflammatory supportAntioxidant polysaccharidesMoisture retention
+ Hydrogenated Lecithin+ Sodium Hyaluronate
Humectant
Dextran

A branched polysaccharide of α-D-glucose units primarily linked α(1→6), produced by fermentation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Distinct from dextrin (a partially hydrolyzed starch). In cosmetics, dextran forms a hydrophilic film on skin surfaces, providing temporary plumping, hydration retention, and a silky skin feel. Used in premium serums and masks for its biopolymer moisturizing and film-forming properties.

film-formingskin-conditioninghumectant
High-molecular-weight polysaccharide forms a lightweight, breathable film on skin that helps retain moistureImproves skin texture and bounce — viscoelastic film mimics the feel of well-hydrated skinDerived from Leuconostoc bacteria fermentation — natural-origin humectant with excellent skin compatibility
+ Hyaluronic Acid+ Sodium Hyaluronate+ Glycerin
Humectant
Dextran Succinate
DEXTRAN SUCCINATE

A succinic acid ester of dextran (a bacterial polysaccharide). Functions as a humectant and film-former in skincare. Found in Elixir's brightening emulsion.

humectantfilm-former
Polysaccharide humectantFilm-forming and moisturizing
+ Glycerin+ Hyaluronic Acid